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The Constitution of the United States, writes Bryan Fair, was a series of compromises between white male propertyholders: Southern planters and Northern merchants. At the heart of their deals was a clear race-conscious intent to place the interests of whites above those of blacks.
 In this provocative and important book, Fair, the eighth of ten children born to a single mother on public assistance in an Ohio ghetto, combines two histories--America's and his own- -to offer a compelling defense of affirmative action. How can it be, Fair asks, that, after hundreds of years of racial apartheid during which whites were granted 100% quotas to almost all professions, we have now convinced ourselves that, after a few decades of remedial affirmative action, the playing field is now level? Centuries of racial caste, he argues, cannot be swept aside in a few short years.
 Fair ambitiously surveys the most common arguments for and against affirmative action. He argues that we must distinguish between America in the pre-Civil Rights Movement era--when the law of the land was explicitly anti-black--and today's affirmative action policies--which are decidedly not anti- white. He concludes that the only just and effective way in which to account for America's racial past and to negotiate current racial quagmires is to embrace a remedial affirmative action that relies neither on quotas nor fiery rhetoric, but one which takes race into account alongside other pertinent factors.
 Championing the model of diversity on which the United States was purportedly founded, Fair serves up a personal and persuasive account of why race-conscious policies are the most effective way to end de facto segregation and eliminate racial caste.
 Table of Contents
 A Note to the Reader 
 Acknowledgments 
 Preface: Telling Stories 
 Recasting Remedies as Diseases 
 Color-Blind Justice 
 The Design of This Book 
 Pt. 1. A Personal Narrative 
 Not White Enough 
 Dee 
 Black Columbus 
 Racial Poverty 
 Man-Child 
 Colored Matters 
 Coded Schools 
 Busing 
 Going Home 
 Equal Opportunity 
 The Character of Color 
 Diversity as One Factor 
 The Deception of Color Blindness 
 Pt. 2. White Privilege and Black Despair: The Origins of Racial Caste in America 
 The Declaration of Inferiority 
 Marginal Americans 
 Inventing American Slavery 
 The Road to Constitutional Caste 
 Losing Second-Class Citizenship 
 Reconstruction and Sacrifice 
 Separate and Unequal 
 The Color Line 
 Critiquing Color Blindness 
 Pt. 3. The Constitutionality of Remedial Affirmative Action 
 The Origins of Remedial Affirmative Action 
 The Court of Last Resort 
 The Invention of Reverse Discrimination 
 The Politics of Affirmative Action: Myth or Reality? 
 Racial Realism 
 Eliminating Caste
 Afterword 
 Notes 
 Index
The Constitution of the United States, writes Bryan Fair, was a series of compromises between white male propertyholders: Southern planters and Northern merchants. At the heart of their deals was a clear race-conscious intent to place the interests of whites above those of blacks.
 In this provocative and important book, Fair, the eighth of ten children born to a single mother on public assistance in an Ohio ghetto, combines two histories--America's and his own- -to offer a compelling defense of affirmative action. How can it be, Fair asks, that, after hundreds of years of racial apartheid during which whites were granted 100% quotas to almost all professions, we have now convinced ourselves that, after a few decades of remedial affirmative action, the playing field is now level? Centuries of racial caste, he argues, cannot be swept aside in a few short years.
 Fair ambitiously surveys the most common arguments for and against affirmative action. He argues that we must distinguish between America in the pre-Civil Rights Movement era--when the law of the land was explicitly anti-black--and today's affirmative action policies--which are decidedly not anti- white. He concludes that the only just and effective way in which to account for America's racial past and to negotiate current racial quagmires is to embrace a remedial affirmative action that relies neither on quotas nor fiery rhetoric, but one which takes race into account alongside other pertinent factors.
 Championing the model of diversity on which the United States was purportedly founded, Fair serves up a personal and persuasive account of why race-conscious policies are the most effective way to end de facto segregation and eliminate racial caste.
 Table of Contents
 A Note to the Reader 
 Acknowledgments 
 Preface: Telling Stories 
 Recasting Remedies as Diseases 
 Color-Blind Justice 
 The Design of This Book 
 Pt. 1. A Personal Narrative 
 Not White Enough 
 Dee 
 Black Columbus 
 Racial Poverty 
 Man-Child 
 Colored Matters 
 Coded Schools 
 Busing 
 Going Home 
 Equal Opportunity 
 The Character of Color 
 Diversity as One Factor 
 The Deception of Color Blindness 
 Pt. 2. White Privilege and Black Despair: The Origins of Racial Caste in America 
 The Declaration of Inferiority 
 Marginal Americans 
 Inventing American Slavery 
 The Road to Constitutional Caste 
 Losing Second-Class Citizenship 
 Reconstruction and Sacrifice 
 Separate and Unequal 
 The Color Line 
 Critiquing Color Blindness 
 Pt. 3. The Constitutionality of Remedial Affirmative Action 
 The Origins of Remedial Affirmative Action 
 The Court of Last Resort 
 The Invention of Reverse Discrimination 
 The Politics of Affirmative Action: Myth or Reality? 
 Racial Realism 
 Eliminating Caste
 Afterword 
 Notes 
 Index
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